TY - JOUR
T1 - Waning antibodies in measles and rubella vaccinees - A longitudinal study
AU - Kremer, Jacques R.
AU - Schneider, François
AU - Muller, Claude P.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank all participants for donating blood. We also thank Ulla Muller, Evguenia Pasthukova and Wim Ammerlaan for administrative and technical support. We acknowledge the support of the Centre de Recherche Public-Santé, the Ministère de la Recherche, the Ministère de la Santé and the participating schools. JRK is supported by a fellowship BFR of the Ministère de la Recherche, Luxembourg.
PY - 2006/3/24
Y1 - 2006/3/24
N2 - The evolution of measles- and rubella-specific serum IgG was followed in a longitudinal study in 224 young adolescent vaccinees, with or without boost vaccination before or during the 6.8-year observation period. Antibody titres were monitored by enzyme immuno assay (Enzygnost®, Dade-Behring). After revaccination (second dose) rubella seropositivity rate increased from 92.1 to 100%, whereas measles seroprevalence (about 90%) did not significantly change between the paired sera. Significantly higher IgG (>three-fold) in the second serum of 5.2% (measles) and 7.8% (rubella) of participants with low antibodies (measles: <1500 mIU; rubella <40 IU) in first serum, suggest a secondary immune response (SIR) during the study period, only partially explained by revaccination. Excluding individuals with SIR, minimal annual antibody decay rates of -2.9% (confidence interval, CI: -0.7 to -4.8%) for rubella and -1.6% (CI: -0.1 to -3%) for measles were determined in participants with single dose vaccination. Thus, two-dose vaccination was adequate to protect women from rubella infection at least during childbearing age. Similarly only few individuals may become seronegative for measles again after successful vaccination due to minimal waning of low antibody levels (<1500 mIU). However, as a result of a more rapid decay of high-titre (>1500 mIU) antibodies (-2.4%/year), many vaccinees may eventually become susceptible to vaccine-modified measles (VMM) and consequently complicate measles control strategies.
AB - The evolution of measles- and rubella-specific serum IgG was followed in a longitudinal study in 224 young adolescent vaccinees, with or without boost vaccination before or during the 6.8-year observation period. Antibody titres were monitored by enzyme immuno assay (Enzygnost®, Dade-Behring). After revaccination (second dose) rubella seropositivity rate increased from 92.1 to 100%, whereas measles seroprevalence (about 90%) did not significantly change between the paired sera. Significantly higher IgG (>three-fold) in the second serum of 5.2% (measles) and 7.8% (rubella) of participants with low antibodies (measles: <1500 mIU; rubella <40 IU) in first serum, suggest a secondary immune response (SIR) during the study period, only partially explained by revaccination. Excluding individuals with SIR, minimal annual antibody decay rates of -2.9% (confidence interval, CI: -0.7 to -4.8%) for rubella and -1.6% (CI: -0.1 to -3%) for measles were determined in participants with single dose vaccination. Thus, two-dose vaccination was adequate to protect women from rubella infection at least during childbearing age. Similarly only few individuals may become seronegative for measles again after successful vaccination due to minimal waning of low antibody levels (<1500 mIU). However, as a result of a more rapid decay of high-titre (>1500 mIU) antibodies (-2.4%/year), many vaccinees may eventually become susceptible to vaccine-modified measles (VMM) and consequently complicate measles control strategies.
KW - Follow-up
KW - Measles and rubella IgG
KW - Vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33344465264&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16427163
U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.015
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 16427163
AN - SCOPUS:33344465264
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 24
SP - 2594
EP - 2601
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 14
ER -