TY - JOUR
T1 - The Moderating Role of Resilience in the Personality-Mental Health Relationship During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU - Pauly, Claire
AU - Ribeiro, Fabiana
AU - Schröder, Valerie E.
AU - Pauly, Laure
AU - Krüger, Rejko
AU - Leist, Anja K.
AU - the CON-VINCE Consortium
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to give special thanks to all participants of the CON-VINCE study and to each volunteer helping in sample processing or sample kit preparation. Additionally, we are very grateful for the financial support by the Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR: 14716281/CON-VINCE/Kruger) and the André Losch Foundation, which enabled us to carry out the project. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, nor in the decision to prepare and submit the manuscript for publication. We also would like to thank the Ministry of Health of Luxembourg as well as the Directorate of Health of Luxembourg for their support. We acknowledge the joint effort of the CON-VINCE team involved in sample and data collection. We thank therefore all employees having participated within CON-VINCE from Ketterthill (especially Sylvie Coito, Palma Di Pinto and Stéphane Gidenne); Laboratoires réunis (especially Christiane Schmitt, Stéphane Toll, and Bernard Weber); BioNeXt (especially Emilie Weibel, Fédéric Klein, Thibault Ferrandon, and Jean-Luc Dourson); TNS-ILRES (especially Serge Schumacher, Tommy Klein, Antonella Di Pasquale, Antonio Rodriguez, and Luc Biever). We would like to thank the Research Luxembourg COVID-19 Task Force (Frank Glod, Paul Wilmes, Lars Geffers, Jasmin Schulz, Henry-Michel Cauchie, Ulf Nehrbass, Rudi Balling) for their overall support of the CON-VINCE study. A special thanks also to the data protection officers Sandrine Munoz and Laurent Prévotat, and to research assistant Miriam Waititu-Buff for help with the literature searches. We would also like to thank Dr. Iris Egner and Amna Skrozic for proofreading the manuscript. Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the whole Communication teams involved within CON-VINCE, especially Sabine Schmitz, Arnaud D'Agostini, Didier Gossens, Hélène Jacuszin for their excellent work and support during the implementation and execution of CON-VINCE. We would like to thank Philippe Lamesch for important and successful fundraising for research on COVID-19 in Luxembourg.
Funding Information:
The CON-VINCE Study is funded by the National Research Fund Luxembourg (FNR; 14716281/CON-VINCE/Kruger) and the André Losch Foundation (Luxembourg).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 Pauly, Ribeiro, Schröder, Pauly, Krüger, Leist and the CON-VINCE Consortium.
PY - 2021/10/21
Y1 - 2021/10/21
N2 - Background: Associations between personality traits and mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, loneliness, and stress) have rarely been assessed in a population-representative sample of a high-income country during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, as far as we know, the role of health and social behaviors as well as resilience in the personality-mental health relationship has yet to be explored. Methods: A representative sample of 1,828 residents of Luxembourg filled in validated scales to assess personality traits and resilience, depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, loneliness, and stress, indicating mental health, in mid-April 2020. Results: Approximately 21% of the participants scored above the cut-off for moderate depression and moderate loneliness. Moderate anxiety and moderate stress were present in 6.2 and 0.3% of the participants, respectively. Higher-educated respondents and those living in higher-value housing reported better mental health. Agreeableness and conscientiousness were most consistently associated with better mental health; neuroticism was most consistently associated with worse mental health. Spending more time on social media was also associated with elevated levels of all four mental health outcomes. Social and health behaviors did not change the personality-mental health relationships. Resilience moderated some of the personality-mental health associations, most consistently in neuroticism. Conclusions: Findings suggest educational and socioeconomic inequalities in mental health in a nationally representative sample during the COVID-19 confinement measures. Personality traits, particularly agreeableness, conscientiousness, and low neuroticism were associated with mental health. The moderating role of resilience in the personality-mental health relationship suggests intervention potential to improve mental health during periods of confinement.
AB - Background: Associations between personality traits and mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, loneliness, and stress) have rarely been assessed in a population-representative sample of a high-income country during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, as far as we know, the role of health and social behaviors as well as resilience in the personality-mental health relationship has yet to be explored. Methods: A representative sample of 1,828 residents of Luxembourg filled in validated scales to assess personality traits and resilience, depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, loneliness, and stress, indicating mental health, in mid-April 2020. Results: Approximately 21% of the participants scored above the cut-off for moderate depression and moderate loneliness. Moderate anxiety and moderate stress were present in 6.2 and 0.3% of the participants, respectively. Higher-educated respondents and those living in higher-value housing reported better mental health. Agreeableness and conscientiousness were most consistently associated with better mental health; neuroticism was most consistently associated with worse mental health. Spending more time on social media was also associated with elevated levels of all four mental health outcomes. Social and health behaviors did not change the personality-mental health relationships. Resilience moderated some of the personality-mental health associations, most consistently in neuroticism. Conclusions: Findings suggest educational and socioeconomic inequalities in mental health in a nationally representative sample during the COVID-19 confinement measures. Personality traits, particularly agreeableness, conscientiousness, and low neuroticism were associated with mental health. The moderating role of resilience in the personality-mental health relationship suggests intervention potential to improve mental health during periods of confinement.
KW - Big Five
KW - COVID-19 pandemic
KW - depression
KW - mental health
KW - personality
KW - resilience
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133950140&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34744837
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.745636
DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.745636
M3 - Article
C2 - 34744837
SN - 1664-0640
VL - 12
JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry
JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry
M1 - 745636
ER -