TY - JOUR
T1 - The Influence of β-Carotene and Its Liposomal Form on the Expression of EMT Markers and Androgen-Dependent Pathways in Different Prostate Cell Lines
AU - Dulińska-Litewka, Joanna
AU - Dykas, Kacper
AU - Boznański, Stanisław
AU - Hałubiec, Przemysław
AU - Kaczor-Kamińska, Marta
AU - Zagajewski, Jacek
AU - Bohn, Torsten
AU - Wątor, Gracjan
N1 - Grants and funding
SKN/SP/534809/2022/Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education from state budget resources as part of the "Student scientific groups create innovations" program ("Studenckie Koła Naukowe Tworza˛ Innowacje"),
POIR.04.02.00-00-D023/20./Smart Growth Operational Programme POIR 4.2
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/7/25
Y1 - 2024/7/25
N2 - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men. Although the prognosis in the early stages is good, the treatment of advanced PCa remains a formidable challenge. Even after an initial response to hormone therapy or chemotherapy, recurrences are frequent and resistance to any systemic treatment is common. β-Carotene (BC), a plant-derived tetraterpene, is known for its antioxidant capacity and can modulate multiple cellular signaling pathways, potentially affecting androgen synthesis. We investigated the influence of BC (dissolved in EtOH/THF with a cell culture medium or encapsulated in liposomes (LP-BCs)) on the viability, migration potential, and connective tissue cleavage capabilities of several PCa cell lines (Du145, LNCaP, PC-3, and 22Rv1) and a healthy prostate model (RWPE cells). BC significantly reduced the proliferative capacity of all investigated cell lines at various concentrations (1.5–30 µM) and decreased cell migration. However, it significantly increased the expression of epidermal–mesenchymal transition (EMT) master proteins in all cancer cell lines and RWPE (p < 0.05) These effects were not observed with LP-BCs. This study suggests that LP-BCs, with their higher antiproliferative capabilities and pronounced inhibition of the EMT, may be a more effective form of possible PCa prevention or treatment than the free form. LPs may also modulate lipid metabolism in PCa cells.
AB - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men. Although the prognosis in the early stages is good, the treatment of advanced PCa remains a formidable challenge. Even after an initial response to hormone therapy or chemotherapy, recurrences are frequent and resistance to any systemic treatment is common. β-Carotene (BC), a plant-derived tetraterpene, is known for its antioxidant capacity and can modulate multiple cellular signaling pathways, potentially affecting androgen synthesis. We investigated the influence of BC (dissolved in EtOH/THF with a cell culture medium or encapsulated in liposomes (LP-BCs)) on the viability, migration potential, and connective tissue cleavage capabilities of several PCa cell lines (Du145, LNCaP, PC-3, and 22Rv1) and a healthy prostate model (RWPE cells). BC significantly reduced the proliferative capacity of all investigated cell lines at various concentrations (1.5–30 µM) and decreased cell migration. However, it significantly increased the expression of epidermal–mesenchymal transition (EMT) master proteins in all cancer cell lines and RWPE (p < 0.05) These effects were not observed with LP-BCs. This study suggests that LP-BCs, with their higher antiproliferative capabilities and pronounced inhibition of the EMT, may be a more effective form of possible PCa prevention or treatment than the free form. LPs may also modulate lipid metabolism in PCa cells.
KW - androgens
KW - carotenoids
KW - epithelial–mesenchymal transition
KW - lipid metabolism
KW - nuclear receptors
KW - prostate cancer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202537596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39199148/
U2 - 10.3390/antiox13080902
DO - 10.3390/antiox13080902
M3 - Article
C2 - 39199148
AN - SCOPUS:85202537596
SN - 2076-3921
VL - 13
JO - Antioxidants
JF - Antioxidants
IS - 8
M1 - 902
ER -