TY - JOUR
T1 - The evolution and social determinants of mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Luxembourg
AU - Ribeiro, Fabiana
AU - Schröder, Valerie E.
AU - Krüger, Rejko
AU - Leist, Anja K.
AU - the CON-VINCE Consortium
AU - Sokolowska, Kate
AU - Henry, Margaux
AU - Gantenbein, Manon
AU - Festas Lopes, Ana
AU - Hübschen, Judith
AU - Munsch, Maeva
AU - Remark, Lucie
AU - Simon, Florian
N1 - Funding Information:
RK is PI of the CON-VINCE study and responsible for funding acquisition and project administration. VS, RK, AKL & the CON-VINCE Consortium were involved in the methodology of the CON-VINCE study survey and coordinated the field data collection. FR conceptualised the present study, analysed the data, and drafted the manuscript. AL contributed to the manuscript drafting, and revision. All authors contributed and approved the final draft of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR: 14716281 /CON-VINCE/Kruger) and the André Losch Foundation (Luxembourg).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR: 14716281/CON-VINCE/Kruger) and the Andr? Losch Foundation (Luxembourg).We would like to give special thanks to all participants of the CON-VINCE study and to each volunteer helping in sample processing or sample kit preparation. Additionally, we are very grateful for the financial support by the Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR: 14716281/CON-VINCE/Kruger) and the Andr? Losch Foundation, which enabled us to carry out the project. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, nor in the decision to prepare and submit the manuscript for publication. We also would like to thank the Ministry of Health of Luxembourg as well as the Directorate of Health of Luxembourg for their support. We acknowledge the joint effort of the CON-VINCE team involved in sample and data collection. We thank therefore all employees having participated within CON-VINCE from Ketterthill (especially Sylvie Coito, Palma Di Pinto and St?phane Gidenne); Laboratoires r?unis (especially Christiane Schmitt, St?phane Toll and Bernard Weber); BioNeXt (especially Emilie Weibel, F?d?ric Klein, Thibault Ferrandon and Jean-Luc Dourson); TNS-ILRES (especially Serge Schumacher, Tommy Klein, Antonella Di Pasquale, Antonio Rodriguez and Luc Biever). We would like to thank the Research Luxembourg COVID-19 Task Force (Frank Glod, Paul Wilmes, Lars Geffers, Jasmin Schulz, Henry-Michel Cauchie, Ulf Nehrbass, Rudi Balling) for their overall support of the CON-VINCE study. A special thanks also to the data protection officers Sandrine Munoz and Laurent Pr?votat. Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the whole Communication teams involved within CON-VINCE, especially Sabine Schmitz, Arnaud D'Agostini, Didier Gossens, H?l?ne Jacuszin for their excellent work and support during the implementation and execution of CON-VINCE. We would like to thank Philippe Lamesch for important and successful fundraising for research on COVID-19 in Luxembourg.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Studies have been showing a negative impact of pandemic control measures on mental health. However, few studies assessed these effects longitudinally during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The goals of this study were to explore whether differential effects of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health could be observed by sex and age in a Luxembourgish nationally representative sample during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether there are differences in risk and protective factors longitudinally at two assessment times. A total of 1,756 respondents aged 18 years and older (50.74% women) reported sociodemographic and socio-economic characteristics, depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. Women and younger respondents reported higher rates of severe depression and anxiety symptoms, suggesting higher vulnerability to the pandemic control measures. This study contributes to the investigation of mental health consequences of the pandemic and the pandemic control measures, particularly related to shifts in care task responsibilities, gender and socio-economic inequalities, as well as younger groups' uncertainty about the future.
AB - Studies have been showing a negative impact of pandemic control measures on mental health. However, few studies assessed these effects longitudinally during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The goals of this study were to explore whether differential effects of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health could be observed by sex and age in a Luxembourgish nationally representative sample during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether there are differences in risk and protective factors longitudinally at two assessment times. A total of 1,756 respondents aged 18 years and older (50.74% women) reported sociodemographic and socio-economic characteristics, depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. Women and younger respondents reported higher rates of severe depression and anxiety symptoms, suggesting higher vulnerability to the pandemic control measures. This study contributes to the investigation of mental health consequences of the pandemic and the pandemic control measures, particularly related to shifts in care task responsibilities, gender and socio-economic inequalities, as well as younger groups' uncertainty about the future.
KW - Anxiety
KW - Depression
KW - Loneliness
KW - Pandemic control measures
KW - Sex differences
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109444664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34247057
U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114090
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114090
M3 - Article
C2 - 34247057
AN - SCOPUS:85109444664
SN - 0165-1781
VL - 303
SP - 114090
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
M1 - 114090
ER -