The association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and quality of nutrients with odds of colorectal cancer: A hospital-based case–control study

Farhad Vahid, Wena Rahmani, Sayed Hossein Davoodi*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background & aims: Dietary quality and patterns have been associated with reduced incidence and increased colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. Two validated scores representing the quality of diet defined respectively by their content in micronutrients (nutritional quality index (INQ)) and antioxidant (dietary antioxidant index (DAI)) were used for assessing dietary quality. INQ standardizes all micronutrients using the recommended values and adjusts nutrients intakes based on total energy. Major dietary antioxidants are standardized based on the global mean and then divided by the global standard deviation to calculate the DAI. We hypothesize that a quality diet with higher scores of DAI can reduce CRC odds. Methods: In this hospital-based case–control study, 207 definite CRC cases and 220 controls met the inclusion criteria. Cases and controls were frequency-matched for age (±5 years) and sex. A 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was completed. Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported in logistic and multivariable regression models. Results: DAI as a continuous (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.98) and as a categorical (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37–0.92) variable and the INQs of vitamin A (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10–0.89), riboflavin (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32–0.94), magnesium (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18–0.77) and selenium (ORmultiple adjusted = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36–0.86) in the regression crude models, and multivariable adjustments significantly have a protective association in reducing the odds of CRC (all p-values <0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that dietary antioxidants, including vitamins A, C, E, zinc, selenium, and manganese from a high-quality diet, including vegetables, whole grains, and fruits, can significantly reduce CRC incidence.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)277-284
Number of pages8
JournalClinical Nutrition ESPEN
Volume52
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2022

Keywords

  • Beta-carotene
  • Cancer
  • Nutritional assessment
  • Selenium
  • Vitamin A

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