Sleep apnea syndrome in Parkinson's disease. A case-control study in 49 patients

Nico J. Diederich*, Michel Vaillant, Mike Leischen, Giovanna Mancuso, Serge Golinval, Romain Nati, Marc Schlesser

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

    146 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    In PD, the impact of nocturnal respiration on sleep continuity and architecture has not been systematically investigated by polysomnography (PSG). We performed a case-control study with retrospective analysis of PSG data of 49 PD patients. After classifying the PD patients according to their apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), they were matched with 49 controls in terms of age, gender, and AFR. There were 21 PD patients (43%) who had sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), classified as mild (AHI, 5-15) in 10 patients, moderate (AHI, >15-30) in 4 patients, and severe (AHI, > 30) in 7 patients. PD patients had more deep sleep (P = 0.02) and more nocturnal awakenings (P < 0.001) than the controls. Their body mass index (BMI) was lower (P = 0.04), and they maintained a more favorable respiratory profile, with higher mean and minimal oxygen saturation values (P = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively). These differences were preserved when only considering PD patients with AHI > 15. PD patients had less obstructive sleep apneas (P = 0.035), independently from the factor AHI. Only the respiratory changes of 4 PD patients with BMI > 27 and AHI > 15 (8%) approximated those seen in the controls. At an early or middle stage of the disease, non-obese PD patients frequently have AM values suggesting SAS, however, without the oxygen desaturation profile of SAS. Longitudinal studies of patients with such "abortive" SAS are warranted to establish if this finding reflects benign nocturnal respiratory muscle dyskinesia or constitutes a precursor sign of dysautonomia in PD.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1413-1418
    Number of pages6
    JournalMovement Disorders
    Volume20
    Issue number11
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Nov 2005

    Keywords

    • Excessive daytime sleepiness
    • Parkinson's disease
    • Polysomnography
    • Sleep apnea syndrome

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