TY - BOOK
T1 - Risk assessment for influenza D in Europe
AU - Chiapponi, Chiara
AU - Ducatez, Mariette F.
AU - Faccini, Silvia
AU - Foni, Emanuela
AU - Gaudino, Maria
AU - Hägglund, Sara
AU - Luppi, Andrea
AU - Meyer, Gilles
AU - Moreno, Ana
AU - Näslund, Katarina
AU - Nemanichvili, Nika
AU - Oliva, Justine
AU - Prosperi, Alice
AU - Rosignoli, Carlo
AU - Renault, Véronique
AU - Saegerman, Claude
AU - Sausy, Aurélie
AU - Snoeck, Chantal J.
AU - Valarcher, Jean-François
AU - Verheije, Helene
AU - Zohari, Siamak
N1 - EFSA Supporting Publications is an open access, online journal that publishes a range of reports including external scientific reports, technical reports and event reports
PY - 2020/6/4
Y1 - 2020/6/4
N2 - Recent studies have identified a new genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family, Influenza D virus (IDV). This virus was shown to infect farm animals including swine and cattle, and to efficiently replicate and transmit in ferrets, the animal model of choice for transmission of influenza A virus to humans. This partnering grant on IDV addressed the need for capacity building at EU level to improve the EU's scientific assessment capacity and international competitiveness. We have promoted cross-disciplinary cooperation between the partner institutes representing six Member States (BE, FR, IT, LU, NL and SE). We have shown that the available antigen and genome test systems allow reliable influenza D diagnostics in partners laboratories, while for a few of the applied antibody testing methods adjustments are recommended. Tools were developed to study virus-host range, with a gain of knowledge on host and tissue tropism of IDV in farm animals but also in wild life and very preliminary data was generated on human tissues. Serological results in European cattle suggest that influenza D virus is enzootic. Virus diversity is still unfolding: new virus introductions were identified, as well as new reassortants whose differential clinical impact or cross-protection levels are still poorly understood. Considering drivers of emergence, IDV was in the top five in comparison with 29 other diseases. The main risk factors of IDV in cattle are related to the animal density, presence of respiratory clinical signs in cattle and contact rates between animals. Simplified quantitative IDV risk assessment exposure model indicated a possible infection of human by IDV through aerosols in cattle farms. Further studies are warranted to fully assess the risk of IDV for both animal and Human health in Europe.
AB - Recent studies have identified a new genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family, Influenza D virus (IDV). This virus was shown to infect farm animals including swine and cattle, and to efficiently replicate and transmit in ferrets, the animal model of choice for transmission of influenza A virus to humans. This partnering grant on IDV addressed the need for capacity building at EU level to improve the EU's scientific assessment capacity and international competitiveness. We have promoted cross-disciplinary cooperation between the partner institutes representing six Member States (BE, FR, IT, LU, NL and SE). We have shown that the available antigen and genome test systems allow reliable influenza D diagnostics in partners laboratories, while for a few of the applied antibody testing methods adjustments are recommended. Tools were developed to study virus-host range, with a gain of knowledge on host and tissue tropism of IDV in farm animals but also in wild life and very preliminary data was generated on human tissues. Serological results in European cattle suggest that influenza D virus is enzootic. Virus diversity is still unfolding: new virus introductions were identified, as well as new reassortants whose differential clinical impact or cross-protection levels are still poorly understood. Considering drivers of emergence, IDV was in the top five in comparison with 29 other diseases. The main risk factors of IDV in cattle are related to the animal density, presence of respiratory clinical signs in cattle and contact rates between animals. Simplified quantitative IDV risk assessment exposure model indicated a possible infection of human by IDV through aerosols in cattle farms. Further studies are warranted to fully assess the risk of IDV for both animal and Human health in Europe.
KW - public health report
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7300431
M3 - Commissioned report
VL - 17
BT - Risk assessment for influenza D in Europe
ER -