TY - JOUR
T1 - Pertussis in Lao PDR
T2 - Seroprevalence and disease
AU - Kleine, Daria
AU - Billamay, Somxay
AU - Chanthavilay, Phetsavanh
AU - Mongkhoune, Sodaly
AU - Keokhamphoui, Chirapha
AU - Souksakhone, Chanthala
AU - Nouanthong, Phonethipsavanh
AU - Khamphaphongphane, Bouaphan
AU - Muller, Claude P.
AU - Black, Antony P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s)
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - Objectives: Pertussis is a debilitating vaccine-preventable infection. The aim of this study was to determine susceptibility and exposure to pertussis in Lao PDR in different age groups and subpopulations. Methods: A total 3072 serum samples were obtained from different cohorts: children with documented vaccination, pre-schoolers, schoolchildren, blood donors, healthcare workers (HCWs), and pregnant women and paired cord blood. Samples were tested for anti-pertussis toxin IgG antibodies. A history of Bordetella pertussis exposure was defined according to antibody titres. Four hundred and seventy-five throat swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates were analysed by PCR for the presence of B. pertussis in symptomatic children at the Children's Hospital in Vientiane. Results: Overall pertussis seroprevalence was 57.5%. The prevalence of titres indicating acute infection or recent vaccination or infection/vaccination within the last 12 months ranged from 7.4% (100/1356) in adults to 21.4% (25/117) in pre-schoolers (age 1–5 years). B. pertussis was detected in 1.05% (5/475) of children with respiratory symptoms in Vientiane Capital. Conclusions: It is suggested that routine childhood vaccination, in particular outreach, as well as vaccination of HCWs should be strengthened. A childhood booster and vaccination of pregnant mothers should be considered. There is also a need to improve reporting and to introduce pertussis testing in at least one central facility.
AB - Objectives: Pertussis is a debilitating vaccine-preventable infection. The aim of this study was to determine susceptibility and exposure to pertussis in Lao PDR in different age groups and subpopulations. Methods: A total 3072 serum samples were obtained from different cohorts: children with documented vaccination, pre-schoolers, schoolchildren, blood donors, healthcare workers (HCWs), and pregnant women and paired cord blood. Samples were tested for anti-pertussis toxin IgG antibodies. A history of Bordetella pertussis exposure was defined according to antibody titres. Four hundred and seventy-five throat swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates were analysed by PCR for the presence of B. pertussis in symptomatic children at the Children's Hospital in Vientiane. Results: Overall pertussis seroprevalence was 57.5%. The prevalence of titres indicating acute infection or recent vaccination or infection/vaccination within the last 12 months ranged from 7.4% (100/1356) in adults to 21.4% (25/117) in pre-schoolers (age 1–5 years). B. pertussis was detected in 1.05% (5/475) of children with respiratory symptoms in Vientiane Capital. Conclusions: It is suggested that routine childhood vaccination, in particular outreach, as well as vaccination of HCWs should be strengthened. A childhood booster and vaccination of pregnant mothers should be considered. There is also a need to improve reporting and to introduce pertussis testing in at least one central facility.
KW - Bordetella pertussis
KW - Lao PDR
KW - Seroprevalence
KW - Vaccine immunogenicity
KW - Vaccine-preventable infection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084237671&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.074
DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.074
M3 - Article
C2 - 32278108
AN - SCOPUS:85084237671
SN - 1201-9712
VL - 95
SP - 282
EP - 287
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
ER -