TY - JOUR
T1 - Occupational and Nonoccupational Physical Activity and Their Association With All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality in US Adults
T2 - A Prospective Cohort Study from the NHANES 2007 to 2018
AU - Mahe, Jinli
AU - Guo, Kai
AU - Guo, Liyang
AU - Liu, Li
AU - Yang, Zhengyu
AU - Xu, Ao
AU - Xu, Pengyuan
AU - Huo, Yujia
AU - Wang, Jian
AU - Perceval, Garon
AU - Zhao, Yang
AU - Huang, Junjie
AU - Kong, Xiangyi
AU - Bai, Guannan
AU - Xu, Aimin
AU - Du, Chaopin
AU - Shi, Feng
AU - Cui, Hanbin
AU - Wang, Shengfeng
AU - Li, Zhihui
AU - Wang, Liang
AU - Zhang, Lei
AU - Zhang, Lin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author,(s). Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
PY - 2025/10/21
Y1 - 2025/10/21
N2 - BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether achieving the physical activity guidelines through occupational activity alone, nonoccupational activity alone, or combined occupational and nonoccupational activity has different health consequences. METHODS: Adults aged 18years or older in the NHANES,(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) from 2007 to 2018 were prospectively observed. Mortality data were acquired from the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Time of self-reported occupational and nonoccupational activity was calculated. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome, with cardiovascular and cancer mortality as secondary outcomes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association of occupational and nonoccupational activity with mortality. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 6.92years, 23752 participants were included in our analysis, with 1367 deaths recorded, including 367 cardiovascular and 328 cancer deaths. Compared with inactive participants, those achieving recommended activity levels through occupational activity alone,(hazard ratio [HR], 0.75 [95% CI, 0.60–0.94]), nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.58, [95% CI, 0.47–0.71]), or combined activity,(HR, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.33–0.56]) had lower all-cause mortality. Additionally, those achieving recommended activity levels through nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.36–0.71]) or combined activity,(HR, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.20–0.57]) had lower cardiovascular mortality. However, occupational activity alone,(HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.61–1.29]), nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.66–1.46]), and combined activity,(HR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.38–1.11]) were not associated with cancer mortality. CONCLUSION: Achieving recommended activity levels through any domain was associated with lower all-cause mortality. Nonoccupational activity alone or combined activity was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality. Participants in occupational activity alone may benefit more if they also achieve recommended activity levels through nonoccupational activity.
AB - BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether achieving the physical activity guidelines through occupational activity alone, nonoccupational activity alone, or combined occupational and nonoccupational activity has different health consequences. METHODS: Adults aged 18years or older in the NHANES,(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) from 2007 to 2018 were prospectively observed. Mortality data were acquired from the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Time of self-reported occupational and nonoccupational activity was calculated. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome, with cardiovascular and cancer mortality as secondary outcomes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association of occupational and nonoccupational activity with mortality. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 6.92years, 23752 participants were included in our analysis, with 1367 deaths recorded, including 367 cardiovascular and 328 cancer deaths. Compared with inactive participants, those achieving recommended activity levels through occupational activity alone,(hazard ratio [HR], 0.75 [95% CI, 0.60–0.94]), nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.58, [95% CI, 0.47–0.71]), or combined activity,(HR, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.33–0.56]) had lower all-cause mortality. Additionally, those achieving recommended activity levels through nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.36–0.71]) or combined activity,(HR, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.20–0.57]) had lower cardiovascular mortality. However, occupational activity alone,(HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.61–1.29]), nonoccupational activity alone,(HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.66–1.46]), and combined activity,(HR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.38–1.11]) were not associated with cancer mortality. CONCLUSION: Achieving recommended activity levels through any domain was associated with lower all-cause mortality. Nonoccupational activity alone or combined activity was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality. Participants in occupational activity alone may benefit more if they also achieve recommended activity levels through nonoccupational activity.
KW - mortality
KW - nonoccupational
KW - occupational
KW - physical activity
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Nutrition Surveys
KW - Risk Assessment
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Occupations
KW - Male
KW - Cause of Death/trends
KW - United States/epidemiology
KW - Exercise
KW - Time Factors
KW - Neoplasms/mortality
KW - Female
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019736612
U2 - 10.1161/JAHA.124.039584
DO - 10.1161/JAHA.124.039584
M3 - Article
C2 - 41120824
AN - SCOPUS:105019736612
SN - 2047-9980
VL - 14
JO - Journal of the American Heart Association
JF - Journal of the American Heart Association
IS - 20
M1 - e039584
ER -