Nutritional risk factors of type 2 diabetes – Contribution of the French NutriNet-Santé cohort to scientific knowledge

Pauline Duquenne*, Léopold K. Fezeu, Laurent Bourhis, Paola Yvroud, Bernard Srour, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Chantal Julia, Julia Baudry, Emmanuel Cosson, Sopio Tatulashvili, Pilar Galan, Serge Hercberg, Mathilde Touvier, Valentina A. Andreeva

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Given the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) worldwide, it is important to better understand its risk and protective factors in order to guide future prevention and disease management policies. Observational studies on a large scale provide valuable information in this regard. The NutriNet-Santé study is a French prospective online cohort, launched in 2009. Since then, 12 original articles focused on T2D have been published. Of those studies, 11 used a prospective design (mean follow-up: 4 to 9 years), analyzing risk or protective factors for T2D related to dietary intake, with samples ranging from 33,256 to 107,377 participants. Consumption of ultra-processed foods, exposure to certain pesticide mixtures or the late timing of the first food intake were associated with a higher risk of T2D. On the other hand, greater adherence to French dietary guidelines and higher consumption of organic food were associated with a lower risk of T2D. Other studies in relation to T2D are currently underway in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, focusing on adherence to sustainable diets, exposure to certain additives and contaminants linked to food processing, and mental health disorders.

Original languageEnglish
JournalCahiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique
DOIs
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 2024
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Epidemiological study
  • Nutrition
  • Public health
  • Review
  • Type 2 diabetes

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