Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study

Heinz Freisling; Hwayoung Noh; Nadia Slimani; Véronique Chajès; Anne M. May; Petra H. Peeters; Elisabete Weiderpass; Amanda J. Cross; Guri Skeie; Mazda Jenab; Francesca R. Mancini; Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault; Guy Fagherazzi; Verena A. Katzke; Tilman Kühn; Annika Steffen; Heiner Boeing; Anne Tjønneland; Cecilie Kyrø; Camilla P. Hansen; Kim Overvad; Eric J. Duell; Daniel Redondo-Sánchez; Pilar Amiano; Carmen Navarro; Aurelio Barricarte; Aurora Perez-Cornago; Konstantinos K. Tsilidis; Dagfinn Aune; Heather Ward; Antonia Trichopoulou; Androniki Naska; Philippos Orfanos; Giovanna Masala; Claudia Agnoli; Franco Berrino; Rosario Tumino; Carlotta Sacerdote; Amalia Mattiello; H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; Ulrika Ericson; Emily Sonestedt; Anna Winkvist; Tonje Braaten; Isabelle Romieu; Joan Sabaté

doi:10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study

Heinz Freisling^*, Hwayoung Noh, Nadia Slimani, Véronique Chajès, Anne M. May, Petra H. Peeters, Elisabete Weiderpass, Amanda J. Cross, Guri Skeie, Mazda Jenab, Francesca R. Mancini, Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault, Guy Fagherazzi, Verena A. Katzke, Tilman Kühn, Annika Steffen, Heiner Boeing, Anne Tjønneland, Cecilie Kyrø, Camilla P. HansenKim Overvad, Eric J. Duell, Daniel Redondo-Sánchez, Pilar Amiano, Carmen Navarro, Aurelio Barricarte, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Dagfinn Aune, Heather Ward, Antonia Trichopoulou, Androniki Naska, Philippos Orfanos, Giovanna Masala, Claudia Agnoli, Franco Berrino, Rosario Tumino, Carlotta Sacerdote, Amalia Mattiello, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Ulrika Ericson, Emily Sonestedt, Anna Winkvist, Tonje Braaten, Isabelle Romieu, Joan Sabaté

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

Purpose: There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. Methods: This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). Results: On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (−0.07 kg; 95% CI −0.12 to −0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92–0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90–0.99) (both P trend <0.008). Conclusions: Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2399-2408
Number of pages	10
Journal	European Journal of Nutrition
Volume	57
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2018
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Adults
Energy balance
Europe
Nut intake
Obesity
Weight gain

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10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

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Freisling, H., Noh, H., Slimani, N., Chajès, V., May, A. M., Peeters, P. H., Weiderpass, E., Cross, A. J., Skeie, G., Jenab, M., Mancini, F. R., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Fagherazzi, G., Katzke, V. A., Kühn, T., Steffen, A., Boeing, H., Tjønneland, A., Kyrø, C., ... Sabaté, J. (2018). Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study. European Journal of Nutrition, 57(7), 2399-2408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

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title = "Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study",

abstract = "Purpose: There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. Methods: This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). Results: On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (−0.07 kg; 95% CI −0.12 to −0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92–0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90–0.99) (both P trend <0.008). Conclusions: Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.",

keywords = "Adults, Energy balance, Europe, Nut intake, Obesity, Weight gain",

author = "Heinz Freisling and Hwayoung Noh and Nadia Slimani and V{\'e}ronique Chaj{\`e}s and May, {Anne M.} and Peeters, {Petra H.} and Elisabete Weiderpass and Cross, {Amanda J.} and Guri Skeie and Mazda Jenab and Mancini, {Francesca R.} and Boutron-Ruault, {Marie Christine} and Guy Fagherazzi and Katzke, {Verena A.} and Tilman K{\"u}hn and Annika Steffen and Heiner Boeing and Anne Tj{\o}nneland and Cecilie Kyr{\o} and Hansen, {Camilla P.} and Kim Overvad and Duell, {Eric J.} and Daniel Redondo-S{\'a}nchez and Pilar Amiano and Carmen Navarro and Aurelio Barricarte and Aurora Perez-Cornago and Tsilidis, {Konstantinos K.} and Dagfinn Aune and Heather Ward and Antonia Trichopoulou and Androniki Naska and Philippos Orfanos and Giovanna Masala and Claudia Agnoli and Franco Berrino and Rosario Tumino and Carlotta Sacerdote and Amalia Mattiello and Bueno-de-Mesquita, {H. Bas} and Ulrika Ericson and Emily Sonestedt and Anna Winkvist and Tonje Braaten and Isabelle Romieu and Joan Sabat{\'e}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.",

year = "2018",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0",

language = "English",

volume = "57",

pages = "2399--2408",

journal = "European Journal of Nutrition",

issn = "1436-6207",

publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",

number = "7",

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Freisling, H, Noh, H, Slimani, N, Chajès, V, May, AM, Peeters, PH, Weiderpass, E, Cross, AJ, Skeie, G, Jenab, M, Mancini, FR, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Fagherazzi, G, Katzke, VA, Kühn, T, Steffen, A, Boeing, H, Tjønneland, A, Kyrø, C, Hansen, CP, Overvad, K, Duell, EJ, Redondo-Sánchez, D, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Barricarte, A, Perez-Cornago, A, Tsilidis, KK, Aune, D, Ward, H, Trichopoulou, A, Naska, A, Orfanos, P, Masala, G, Agnoli, C, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, Mattiello, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Ericson, U, Sonestedt, E, Winkvist, A, Braaten, T, Romieu, I & Sabaté, J 2018, 'Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study', European Journal of Nutrition, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 2399-2408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

TY - JOUR

T1 - Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults

T2 - results from the EPIC-PANACEA study

AU - Freisling, Heinz

AU - Noh, Hwayoung

AU - Slimani, Nadia

AU - Chajès, Véronique

AU - May, Anne M.

AU - Peeters, Petra H.

AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete

AU - Cross, Amanda J.

AU - Skeie, Guri

AU - Jenab, Mazda

AU - Mancini, Francesca R.

AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine

AU - Fagherazzi, Guy

AU - Katzke, Verena A.

AU - Kühn, Tilman

AU - Steffen, Annika

AU - Boeing, Heiner

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

AU - Kyrø, Cecilie

AU - Hansen, Camilla P.

AU - Overvad, Kim

AU - Duell, Eric J.

AU - Redondo-Sánchez, Daniel

AU - Amiano, Pilar

AU - Navarro, Carmen

AU - Barricarte, Aurelio

AU - Perez-Cornago, Aurora

AU - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.

AU - Aune, Dagfinn

AU - Ward, Heather

AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia

AU - Naska, Androniki

AU - Orfanos, Philippos

AU - Masala, Giovanna

AU - Agnoli, Claudia

AU - Berrino, Franco

AU - Tumino, Rosario

AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta

AU - Mattiello, Amalia

AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas

AU - Ericson, Ulrika

AU - Sonestedt, Emily

AU - Winkvist, Anna

AU - Braaten, Tonje

AU - Romieu, Isabelle

AU - Sabaté, Joan

PY - 2018/10/1

Y1 - 2018/10/1

N2 - Purpose: There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. Methods: This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). Results: On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (−0.07 kg; 95% CI −0.12 to −0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92–0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90–0.99) (both P trend <0.008). Conclusions: Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.

AB - Purpose: There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. Methods: This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). Results: On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (−0.07 kg; 95% CI −0.12 to −0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92–0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90–0.99) (both P trend <0.008). Conclusions: Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.

KW - Adults

KW - Energy balance

KW - Europe

KW - Nut intake

KW - Obesity

KW - Weight gain

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85025448370&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

DO - 10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0

M3 - Article

C2 - 28733927

AN - SCOPUS:85025448370

SN - 1436-6207

VL - 57

SP - 2399

EP - 2408

JO - European Journal of Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Nutrition

IS - 7

ER -

Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study

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