TY - JOUR
T1 - Newcastle disease virus in West Africa
T2 - New virulent strains identified in non-commercial farms
AU - Snoeck, Chantal J.
AU - Ducatez, Mariette F.
AU - Owoade, Ademola A.
AU - Faleke, Olufemi O.
AU - Alkali, Bello R.
AU - Tahita, Marc C.
AU - Tarnagda, Zekiba
AU - Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco
AU - Maikano, Issoufou
AU - Mbah, Patrick Okwen
AU - Kremer, Jacques R.
AU - Muller, Claude P.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Aurélie Sausy, Emilie Charpentier and Sebastien De Landtsheer for technical help. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from University of Ibadan Senate research grant SRG/FVM/2006/10A, the cooperation of live-bird poultry market vendors in Oyo and Sokoto states, and of the numerous small subsistence farmers as well as the large commercial farms. We also acknowledge the contribution of Shaiibu Samuel for the sample collection in Sokoto. The authors wish to thank the diagnostic and epidemiological survey service from the LABOCEL in Niger. The authors also thank the Ministry of Cooperation of Luxembourg, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Research and the Centre de Recherche Public-Santé for their generous financial and moral support.
PY - 2009/1
Y1 - 2009/1
N2 - Forty-four Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, obtained between 2002 and 2007 from different poultry species in Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso and Cameroon, were phylogenetically analysed based on partial F sequences. Lineage 2 viruses were genetically identical or similar to the locally used LaSota vaccine strain and were mostly detected in commercial farms. Lineage 1, 3 and 4 strains were only sporadically found, and their origin was less clear. Twenty-one strains from backyard farms and live bird markets formed three new clusters within lineage 5, tentatively named 5f, 5g and 5h. All of these strains were predicted to be virulent based on their F protein cleavage site sequence. Minimal genetic distances between new and previously established sublineages ranged from 9.4 to 15.9%, and minimal distances between the new sublineages were 11.5 to 17.3%. Their high genetic diversity and their presence in three different Sub-Saharan countries suggest that these new sublineages represent the NDV variants indigenous to West Africa.
AB - Forty-four Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, obtained between 2002 and 2007 from different poultry species in Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso and Cameroon, were phylogenetically analysed based on partial F sequences. Lineage 2 viruses were genetically identical or similar to the locally used LaSota vaccine strain and were mostly detected in commercial farms. Lineage 1, 3 and 4 strains were only sporadically found, and their origin was less clear. Twenty-one strains from backyard farms and live bird markets formed three new clusters within lineage 5, tentatively named 5f, 5g and 5h. All of these strains were predicted to be virulent based on their F protein cleavage site sequence. Minimal genetic distances between new and previously established sublineages ranged from 9.4 to 15.9%, and minimal distances between the new sublineages were 11.5 to 17.3%. Their high genetic diversity and their presence in three different Sub-Saharan countries suggest that these new sublineages represent the NDV variants indigenous to West Africa.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=58149305795&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19052688
U2 - 10.1007/s00705-008-0269-5
DO - 10.1007/s00705-008-0269-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 19052688
AN - SCOPUS:58149305795
SN - 0304-8608
VL - 154
SP - 47
EP - 54
JO - Archives of Virology
JF - Archives of Virology
IS - 1
ER -