@article{484d757f69204afdb7aab2c8d64ebfd6,
title = "Multi-endpoint toxicological assessment of polystyrene nano- and microparticles in different biological models in vitro",
abstract = "Nanoplastics (NP) and microplastics (MP) accumulate in our environment as a consequence of the massive consumption of plastics. Huge knowledge-gaps exist regarding uptake and fate of plastic particles in micro- and nano-dimensions in humans as well as on their impact on human health. This study investigated the transport and effects of 50 nm and 0.5 μm COOH-modified polystyrene (PS) particles, as representatives for NP and MP, in different biological models in vitro. Acute toxicity and potential translocation of the particles were studied at the human intestinal and placental barrier using advanced in vitro co-culture models. Furthermore, embryotoxicity and genotoxicity were investigated as highly sensitive endpoints. Polystyrene was not acutely toxic in both sizes (nano- and microparticles). No transport across the intestinal and placental barrier but a cellular uptake and intracellular accumulation of PS nano- and microparticles were determined. The particles were identified as weak embryotoxic and non-genotoxic. In contrast to single-organ studies, this multi-endpoint study is providing a data-set with the exact same type of particles to compare organ-specific outcomes. Our study clearly shows the need to investigate other types of plastics as well as towards long-term or chronic effects of plastic particles in different biological models in vitro.",
keywords = "Embryotoxicity, Intestinal barrier, Multi-endpoint toxicity study, Nano- and microplastics, Placental barrier, Polystyrene",
author = "Michelle Hesler and Leonie Aengenheister and Bernhard Ellinger and Roland Drexel and Susanne Straskraba and Carsten Jost and Sylvia Wagner and Florian Meier and {von Briesen}, H. and Claudia B{\"u}chel and P. Wick and Tina Buerki-Thurnherr and Yvonne Kohl",
note = "Funding Information: This research is supported by funding from the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF, 03X0150). The authors would like to thank Prof. G. Desoye (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria (with permission from Prof. P. Friedl, Institute of Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany)) and Prof. Dr. Ursula Graf-Hausner (Zurich University of Applied Science (with permission from Dr. Alan L. Schwartz, Washington University School of Medicine, MO, USA)) for providing the HPEC-A2 and BeWo cells, respectively. The authors additionally thank Prof. Metka Filipic (National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia) for providing the HepG2CDKN1A?DsRed reporter gene cell line. M.H. L.A. Y.K. B.E. and T.B. designed the study and wrote the original manuscript. M.H. and L.A. conducted all in vitro experiments regarding the intestine and the placenta, respectively. B.E. investigated potential genotoxicity and embryotoxicity. C.J. synthesized the particles. R.D. and F.M designed, conducted and evaluated the AF4 measurements. S.S. provided TEM images of the PS-nano and -micro. All authors were engaged in commenting on the manuscript and revised the manuscript. The data obtained/analysed during this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The authors do not have any competing financial interests. Funding Information: This research is supported by funding from the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF, 03X0150 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104610",
language = "English",
volume = "61",
journal = "Toxicology in Vitro",
issn = "0887-2333",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
}