Abstract
Cancer cells utilize multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress anticancer immune responses creating a “cold” immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach to revert tumor immunosuppression and enhance the efficacy of other forms of immunotherapy. Growing evidence indicates that oncolytic viruses (OVs) act in a multimodal fashion, inducing immunogenic cell death and thereby eliciting robust anticancer immune responses. In this review, we summarize information about OV-mediated immune conversion of the tumor microenvironment. As a case study we focus on the rodent protoparvovirus H-1PV and its dual role as an oncolytic and immune modulatory agent. Potential strategies to improve H-1PV anticancer efficacy are also discussed.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 1848 |
Journal | Frontiers in Immunology |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | AUG |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2019 |
Keywords
- Checkpoint blockade
- Combination therapy
- H-1PV
- Immunogenic cell death
- Immunotherapy
- Oncolytic viruses
- Tumor microenvironment