TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV-1 drug-resistance patterns among patients on failing treatment in a large number of European countries
AU - Van De Vijver, David A.M.C.
AU - Wensing, Annemarie M.J.
AU - Åsjö, Birgitta
AU - Bruckova, Marie
AU - Jorgensen, Louise Bruun
AU - Camacho, Ricardo
AU - Horban, Andrzej
AU - Linka, Marek
AU - Lazanas, Marios
AU - Loveday, Clive
AU - MacRae, Eilidh
AU - Nielsen, Claus
AU - Paraskevis, Dimitrios
AU - Poljak, Mario
AU - Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth
AU - Ruiz, Lidia
AU - Schmit, Jean Claude
AU - Stanczak, Grzegorz
AU - Stanojevic, Maja
AU - Vandamme, Anne Mieke
AU - Vercauteren, Jurgen
AU - Zazzi, Maurizio
AU - Bacheler, Lee
AU - Lecocq, Pierre
AU - Villacian, Jorge
AU - Boucher, Charles A.B.
PY - 2010/12
Y1 - 2010/12
N2 - Background: Information about patterns of HIV-1 drug resistance among treatment-exposed patients is crucial for the development of novel effective drugs. Currently no system exists that monitors patterns of resistance in patients failing therapy. Methods: The study included 1,988 HIV-1 sequences from patients experiencing therapy failure collected between 2000 and 2004 in 15 European countries. Genotypic resistance was interpreted using the ANRS algorithm. Phenotypic resistance was predicted using the Virco geno- to phenotype system. Results: 80.7% of the sequences included at least one drug-resistance mutation. Mutations were found for NRTIs (73.5%), NNRTIs (48.5%), and protease inhibitors (35.8%). Ninety percent of sequences with genotypic resistance harbored M184V, M41L, K103N, D67N, and/or T215Y. Among NRTIs, resistance was most frequently predicted for lamivudine. About half of all sequences had reduced susceptibility for NNRTIs. Resistance to most boosted protease inhibitors was found in < 25%. No sequence had resistance to all currently available drugs. Conclusion: Levels of resistance among patients with therapy failure were high. The patterns of resistance reflect resistance to drugs available for a longer time. Fully suppressive regimens can be designed even for the most mutated HIV because boosted protease inhibitors have remained active against most circulating viruses and new drug classes have become available.
AB - Background: Information about patterns of HIV-1 drug resistance among treatment-exposed patients is crucial for the development of novel effective drugs. Currently no system exists that monitors patterns of resistance in patients failing therapy. Methods: The study included 1,988 HIV-1 sequences from patients experiencing therapy failure collected between 2000 and 2004 in 15 European countries. Genotypic resistance was interpreted using the ANRS algorithm. Phenotypic resistance was predicted using the Virco geno- to phenotype system. Results: 80.7% of the sequences included at least one drug-resistance mutation. Mutations were found for NRTIs (73.5%), NNRTIs (48.5%), and protease inhibitors (35.8%). Ninety percent of sequences with genotypic resistance harbored M184V, M41L, K103N, D67N, and/or T215Y. Among NRTIs, resistance was most frequently predicted for lamivudine. About half of all sequences had reduced susceptibility for NNRTIs. Resistance to most boosted protease inhibitors was found in < 25%. No sequence had resistance to all currently available drugs. Conclusion: Levels of resistance among patients with therapy failure were high. The patterns of resistance reflect resistance to drugs available for a longer time. Fully suppressive regimens can be designed even for the most mutated HIV because boosted protease inhibitors have remained active against most circulating viruses and new drug classes have become available.
KW - Drug resistance
KW - Drug-resistance interpretation systems
KW - Treatment failure
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79953799570&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 21390473
AN - SCOPUS:79953799570
SN - 1318-4458
VL - 19
SP - 3
EP - 9
JO - Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Panonica et Adriatica
JF - Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Panonica et Adriatica
IS - 4
ER -