TY - JOUR
T1 - Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years
AU - Afshin, Ashkan
AU - Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.
AU - Reitsma, Marissa B.
AU - Sur, Patrick
AU - Estep, Kara
AU - Lee, Alex
AU - Marczak, Laurie
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
AU - Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - Salama, Joseph S.
AU - Vos, Theo
AU - Abate, Kalkidan H.
AU - Abbafati, Cristiana
AU - Ahmed, Muktar B.
AU - Al-Aly, Ziyad
AU - Alkerwi, Ala'a
AU - Al-Raddadi, Rajaa
AU - Amare, Azmeraw T.
AU - Amberbir, Alemayehu
AU - Amegah, Adeladza K.
AU - Amini, Erfan
AU - Amrock, Stephen M.
AU - Anjana, Ranjit M.
AU - Ärnlöv, Johan
AU - Asayesh, Hamid
AU - Banerjee, Amitava
AU - Barac, Aleksandra
AU - Baye, Estifanos
AU - Bennett, Derrick A.
AU - Beyene, Addisu S.
AU - Biadgilign, Sibhatu
AU - Biryukov, Stan
AU - Bjertness, Espen
AU - Boneya, Dube J.
AU - Campos-Nonato, Ismael
AU - Carrero, Juan J.
AU - Cecilio, Pedro
AU - Cercy, Kelly
AU - Ciobanu, Liliana G.
AU - Cornaby, Leslie
AU - Damtew, Solomon A.
AU - Dandona, Lalit
AU - Dandona, Rakhi
AU - Dharmaratne, Samath D.
AU - Duncan, Bruce B.
AU - Eshrati, Babak
AU - Esteghamati, Alireza
AU - Feigin, Valery L.
AU - Stranges, Saverio
AU - GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2017 Massachusetts Medical Society.
PY - 2017/7/6
Y1 - 2017/7/6
N2 - BACKGROUND: Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain. METHODS: We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS: In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.)
AB - BACKGROUND: Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain. METHODS: We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS: In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021855537&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362
M3 - Article
C2 - 28604169
AN - SCOPUS:85021855537
SN - 0028-4793
VL - 377
SP - 13
EP - 27
JO - New England Journal of Medicine
JF - New England Journal of Medicine
IS - 1
ER -