TY - JOUR
T1 - Determinants of hiv-1 late presentation in patients followed in europe
AU - Miranda, Mafalda N.S.
AU - Pingarilho, Marta
AU - Pimentel, Victor
AU - Martins, Maria Do Rosário O.
AU - Vandamme, Anne Mieke
AU - Bobkova, Marina
AU - Böhm, Michael
AU - Seguin-Devaux, Carole
AU - Paredes, Roger
AU - Rubio, Rafael
AU - Zazzi, Maurizio
AU - Incardona, Francesca
AU - Abecasis, Ana
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financed by FCT through the following projects: GHTM-UID/04413/2020, INTEGRIV (PTDC/SAU-INF/31990/2017) and the scholarship PD/BD/135714/2018 and Gilead Ge?nese HIVLatePresenters.
Funding Information:
Funding: This study was financed by FCT through the following projects: GHTM-UID/04413/2020, INTEGRIV (PTDC/SAU-INF/31990/2017) and the scholarship PD/BD/135714/2018 and Gilead Geénese HIVLatePresenters.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/7/2
Y1 - 2021/7/2
N2 - To control the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) set the 90-90-90 target to be reached by 2020. One major threat to those goals is late presentation, which is defined as an individual presenting a TCD4+ count lower than 350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event. The present study aims to identify determinants of late presentation in Europe based on the EuResist database with HIV-1 infected patients followed-up between 1981 and 2019. Our study includes clinical and socio-demographic information from 89,851 HIV-1 infected patients. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio and SPSS and a Bayesian network was constructed with the WEKA software to analyze the association between all variables. Among 89851 HIV-1 infected patients included in the analysis, the median age was 33 (IQR: 27.0–41.0) years and 74.4% were males. Of those, 28,889 patients (50.4%) were late presenters. Older patients (>56), heterosexuals, patients originated from Africa and patients presenting with log VL >4.1 had a higher probability of being late presenters (p < 0.001). Bayesian networks indicated VL, mode of transmis-sion, age and recentness of infection as variables that were directly associated with LP. This study highlights the major determinants associated with late presentation in Europe. This study helps to direct prevention measures for this population.
AB - To control the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) set the 90-90-90 target to be reached by 2020. One major threat to those goals is late presentation, which is defined as an individual presenting a TCD4+ count lower than 350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event. The present study aims to identify determinants of late presentation in Europe based on the EuResist database with HIV-1 infected patients followed-up between 1981 and 2019. Our study includes clinical and socio-demographic information from 89,851 HIV-1 infected patients. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio and SPSS and a Bayesian network was constructed with the WEKA software to analyze the association between all variables. Among 89851 HIV-1 infected patients included in the analysis, the median age was 33 (IQR: 27.0–41.0) years and 74.4% were males. Of those, 28,889 patients (50.4%) were late presenters. Older patients (>56), heterosexuals, patients originated from Africa and patients presenting with log VL >4.1 had a higher probability of being late presenters (p < 0.001). Bayesian networks indicated VL, mode of transmis-sion, age and recentness of infection as variables that were directly associated with LP. This study highlights the major determinants associated with late presentation in Europe. This study helps to direct prevention measures for this population.
KW - Europe
KW - HIV-1 infection
KW - Late presentation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110405857&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34357985
U2 - 10.3390/pathogens10070835
DO - 10.3390/pathogens10070835
M3 - Article
C2 - 34357985
AN - SCOPUS:85110405857
VL - 10
JO - Pathogens
JF - Pathogens
IS - 7
M1 - 835
ER -