TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between Major Health Behaviors and Sleep Problems
T2 - Results from the 2015, 2016, 2017 Canadian Community Health Survey
AU - Nunez, Emily C.
AU - Nunes, Sophia
AU - Khan, Aini
AU - Stranges, Saverio
AU - Wilk, Piotr
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was conducted at Western Research Data Centre, a part of the Canadian Research Data Centre Network (CRDCN). This service is provided through the support of The University of Western Ontario, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Social Science and Humanity Research Council, and Statistics Canada. All views expressed in this work are our own.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - Background and objectives: Key health behaviors including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, and physical activity have been associated with sleep-related problems. This cross-sectional study describes sleep quality and duration by gender in a large adult population and examines whether health behavioral factors are associated with short/long sleep duration and sleep problems (difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep [DIMS], daytime sleepiness, and finding sleep refreshing). Methods: Using Canadian Community Health Survey data from cycles 2015, 2016, and 2017, binary and multinomial logistic regression models were computed. Results: Of the 44,911 respondents included, only half of respondents met the recommended sleep duration. Fifty-five percent of females and forty-one percent of males reported DIMS. Binge drinking was associated with increased DIMS, with the strongest relationship being among females reporting weekly binge drinking (odds ratio (OR) 2.03 [1.59,2.60]). Binge drinking was also associated with decreased odds of finding sleep refreshing among females only (OR 0.73 [0.56,0.96] in weekly binge drinkers). Compared to respondents who had never smoked, daily smokers had higher odds of short sleep (OR 1.50 [1.30,1.74] and OR 1.39 [1.21,1.60]; females and males, respectively). Similarly, former smokers had higher odds of DIMS (OR 1.18 [1.06,1.31]) and not finding sleep refreshing (OR 0.85 [0.77,0.95]), among females; similar OR among males. Increased FV consumption was associated with increased odds of finding sleep refreshing (OR 1.05 [1.03,1.07] and OR 1.06 [1.04,1.08] in females and males, respectively). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of sleep problems among Canadians. Potential gender differences in the relationships between health behaviors and sleep problems warrant further research.
AB - Background and objectives: Key health behaviors including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, and physical activity have been associated with sleep-related problems. This cross-sectional study describes sleep quality and duration by gender in a large adult population and examines whether health behavioral factors are associated with short/long sleep duration and sleep problems (difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep [DIMS], daytime sleepiness, and finding sleep refreshing). Methods: Using Canadian Community Health Survey data from cycles 2015, 2016, and 2017, binary and multinomial logistic regression models were computed. Results: Of the 44,911 respondents included, only half of respondents met the recommended sleep duration. Fifty-five percent of females and forty-one percent of males reported DIMS. Binge drinking was associated with increased DIMS, with the strongest relationship being among females reporting weekly binge drinking (odds ratio (OR) 2.03 [1.59,2.60]). Binge drinking was also associated with decreased odds of finding sleep refreshing among females only (OR 0.73 [0.56,0.96] in weekly binge drinkers). Compared to respondents who had never smoked, daily smokers had higher odds of short sleep (OR 1.50 [1.30,1.74] and OR 1.39 [1.21,1.60]; females and males, respectively). Similarly, former smokers had higher odds of DIMS (OR 1.18 [1.06,1.31]) and not finding sleep refreshing (OR 0.85 [0.77,0.95]), among females; similar OR among males. Increased FV consumption was associated with increased odds of finding sleep refreshing (OR 1.05 [1.03,1.07] and OR 1.06 [1.04,1.08] in females and males, respectively). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of sleep problems among Canadians. Potential gender differences in the relationships between health behaviors and sleep problems warrant further research.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85113736563&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34455873
U2 - 10.1080/15402002.2021.1968402
DO - 10.1080/15402002.2021.1968402
M3 - Article
C2 - 34455873
AN - SCOPUS:85113736563
SN - 1540-2002
VL - 20
SP - 584
EP - 597
JO - Behavioral Sleep Medicine
JF - Behavioral Sleep Medicine
IS - 5
ER -