TY - JOUR
T1 - Anti-cancer effects of 20(S)-protopanoxadiol on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines Reh and RS4;11
AU - Sun, Lihua
AU - Wang, Qiong
AU - Liu, Xinmin
AU - Brons, Nicolaas H.C.
AU - Wang, Ning
AU - Steinmetz, André
AU - Lv, Yali
AU - Liao, Yonghong
AU - Zheng, Huyong
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This study was supported by grant from the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863, Grant No. 2006AA02Z4Z2), the European Commission [IRSES project: Traditional Chinese medicine in the post-genomic era: identifying lead therapeutic compounds against cancer (230232)] and International S&T Collaboration Project (20070463).
PY - 2011/9
Y1 - 2011/9
N2 - Although the treatment outcome of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been improved in the past decades by combination chemotherapy, toxic side-effects of chemotherapeutics remain a major problem. Therefore, new alternative agents with low toxicity are urgently needed. Natural products provide a rich source of screening potential anti-cancer drugs. 20(S)-protopanoxadiol (PPD), a major gastrointestinal metabolic product of ginsenosides, exhibits promising anti-cancer activity with low toxicity. However, the anti-cancer activity of PPD against ALL has not been evaluated. In this study, we examined the anti-cancer effect of PPD on ALL cell lines Reh and RS4;11. The growth of leukemia cells and normal cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cell cycle, apoptosis and differentiation was determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that PPD inhibited the growth of Reh and RS4;11 cells, but had little toxicity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PPD also blocked cell cycle progression from G0/G1 phase and induced cell differentiation. However, cell apoptosis was not affected. These data indicate that PPD exerts anti-cancer effects by stimulating differentiation and inhibiting growth and cell cycle progression of ALL cells.
AB - Although the treatment outcome of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been improved in the past decades by combination chemotherapy, toxic side-effects of chemotherapeutics remain a major problem. Therefore, new alternative agents with low toxicity are urgently needed. Natural products provide a rich source of screening potential anti-cancer drugs. 20(S)-protopanoxadiol (PPD), a major gastrointestinal metabolic product of ginsenosides, exhibits promising anti-cancer activity with low toxicity. However, the anti-cancer activity of PPD against ALL has not been evaluated. In this study, we examined the anti-cancer effect of PPD on ALL cell lines Reh and RS4;11. The growth of leukemia cells and normal cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cell cycle, apoptosis and differentiation was determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that PPD inhibited the growth of Reh and RS4;11 cells, but had little toxicity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PPD also blocked cell cycle progression from G0/G1 phase and induced cell differentiation. However, cell apoptosis was not affected. These data indicate that PPD exerts anti-cancer effects by stimulating differentiation and inhibiting growth and cell cycle progression of ALL cells.
KW - 20(S)-protopanoxadiol (PPD)
KW - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
KW - Cell cycle
KW - Differentiation
KW - IC
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80052444053&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12032-010-9508-1
DO - 10.1007/s12032-010-9508-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 20354814
AN - SCOPUS:80052444053
SN - 1357-0560
VL - 28
SP - 813
EP - 821
JO - Medical Oncology
JF - Medical Oncology
IS - 3
ER -