TY - JOUR
T1 - Alterations of cholesterol synthesis and absorption in obstructive sleep apnea
T2 - Influence of obesity and disease severity
AU - Zeljković, Aleksandra
AU - Milojević, Ana
AU - Vladimirov, Sandra
AU - Zdravković, Marija
AU - Memon, Lidija
AU - Brajković, Milica
AU - Gardijan, Vera
AU - Gojković, Tamara
AU - Stefanović, Aleksandra
AU - Miljković-Trailović, Milica
AU - Spasojević-Kalimanovska, Vesna
AU - Ninić, Ana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background and aims: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely linked to obesity and related adverse metabolic changes, including dyslipidemia. However, it is not clear whether OSA is an independent contributing factor to dyslipidemia, or the observed association is a reflection of a concomitant presence of obesity. Additionally, dyslipidemia is usually evaluated through measurement of parameters of routine lipid status, while more precise evaluation of lipid homeostasis is rarely performed in OSA. In this study, we analyzed markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption in patients with OSA with respect to the presence of obesity and the disease severity. Methods and results: This study enrolled 116 OSA patients. Concentrations of non-cholesterol sterols (NCS), measured by LC-MS/MS, were used as markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were utilized as markers of OSA severity. Serum lipid status parameters were determined by routine enzymatic methods. Markers of cholesterol synthesis were increased (P = 0.005), whilst markers of cholesterol absorption decreased (P = 0.001) in obese OSA patients. Cholesterol synthesis/absorption ratio was elevated in obese subjects (P < 0.001). Concentration of cholesterol synthesis marker lathosterol was significantly higher in subjects with severe OSA (P = 0.014) and we observed a trend of decreased cholesterol absorption in these patients. AHI was revealed as an independent determinant of lathosterol concentration (P = 0.022). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the presence of obesity and severe forms of OSA is characterized by elevated endogenous cholesterol synthesis. AHI was singled out as an independent determinant of the serum level of cholesterol synthesis marker lathosterol.
AB - Background and aims: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely linked to obesity and related adverse metabolic changes, including dyslipidemia. However, it is not clear whether OSA is an independent contributing factor to dyslipidemia, or the observed association is a reflection of a concomitant presence of obesity. Additionally, dyslipidemia is usually evaluated through measurement of parameters of routine lipid status, while more precise evaluation of lipid homeostasis is rarely performed in OSA. In this study, we analyzed markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption in patients with OSA with respect to the presence of obesity and the disease severity. Methods and results: This study enrolled 116 OSA patients. Concentrations of non-cholesterol sterols (NCS), measured by LC-MS/MS, were used as markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were utilized as markers of OSA severity. Serum lipid status parameters were determined by routine enzymatic methods. Markers of cholesterol synthesis were increased (P = 0.005), whilst markers of cholesterol absorption decreased (P = 0.001) in obese OSA patients. Cholesterol synthesis/absorption ratio was elevated in obese subjects (P < 0.001). Concentration of cholesterol synthesis marker lathosterol was significantly higher in subjects with severe OSA (P = 0.014) and we observed a trend of decreased cholesterol absorption in these patients. AHI was revealed as an independent determinant of lathosterol concentration (P = 0.022). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the presence of obesity and severe forms of OSA is characterized by elevated endogenous cholesterol synthesis. AHI was singled out as an independent determinant of the serum level of cholesterol synthesis marker lathosterol.
KW - Apnea-hypopnea index
KW - Cholesterol synthesis and absorption
KW - Dyslipidemia
KW - Non-cholesterol sterols
KW - Obesity
KW - Obstructive sleep apnea
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141979077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.006
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 36323608
AN - SCOPUS:85141979077
SN - 0939-4753
VL - 32
SP - 2848
EP - 2857
JO - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
IS - 12
ER -